Varicocele is the condition in which the veins in the testes are enlarged due to faulty valves quite similar to varicose veins of the leg.
The enlargement is in the scrotum. They affect the pampiniform plexus which supplies blood to the testis. The architecture of the pampiniform plexus is such that it wraps around the testicular artery which brings blood to the testis.
The main role of the pampiniform plexus is to cool the arterial blood before it reaches the testis. It does this through a ‘heat exchange’ mechanism. The sperm formation is most optimum at around 34.5oC, rather than the body’s standard 37oC.
Varicoceles are believed to be caused by defective valves in the veins within the scrotum, just above the testicles. Normally, these valves regulate the flow of blood to and from the testicles. When normal flow doesn't occur, the blood backs up, causing the veins to dilate.
Pain
Infertility
Testicular Atrophy
varicocele ligation surgery
The surgery is carried under general anesthesia or some time under local anesthesia. An incision is made above the scrotum to access the veins. A ligature is put to regulate the blood flow to the testis. This can also be done with a laparoscope.
Multiple Pregnancies
The procedure involves a small size tube insertion in the blood vessel in the groin region via a small nick over the skin. The tube is moved to the abdomen area to fix the veins using X-ray imaging.
Varicocele Embolization is a minimally invasive procedure requires
Benefits of Varicocele Embolisation includes